Cost analysis and feasibility of green building adaptation in low-rise residential housing: Evidence from Türkiye
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47818/DRArch.2026.v7i1209Keywords:
green buildings, construction cost analysis, energy efficiency, b.e.s.t-residential certification, Türkiye, low-rise residential buildingsAbstract
This study evaluates the cost implications of green building practices in low-rise residential housing by analyzing three sample houses in Kayseri, Türkiye. It compares traditional construction systems with green alternatives, focusing on water efficiency, energy-saving technologies, and sustainable materials. The findings reveal that green buildings incur higher upfront costs, particularly due to photovoltaic systems and certified materials. However, when compared with traditional structures, they demonstrate clear long-term benefits in energy savings, environmental performance, and operational efficiency. Water-related costs were mainly driven by sanitary fixtures and appliances, while insulation dominated material expenses. By offering a localized cost comparison between traditional and green construction, this study fills a gap in the national literature and highlights the feasibility of sustainable housing in Türkiye. These insights aim to inform both policy development and practical applications, providing a valuable foundation for integrating green certification systems into future low-rise residential projects.
Downloads
References
Ade, R., & Rehm, M. (2019). The unwritten history of green building rating tools: A personal view from some of the “founding fathers” (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 4177291). SSRN. https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=4177291
Akgül, T., Besken, İ., & Karabıyıkoğlu, O. (2020). BREEAM Sertifikalı Bir Eğitim Binasının Yapım Maliyetinin Geleneksel Yapım Maliyetiyle Karşılaştırılması. Türk Doğa Ve Fen Dergisi, 9(1), 49-54. https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.707092
ASTM. (2023). Terminology for sustainability relative to the performance of buildings. (ASTM E2114-21). ASTM International. https://doi.org/10.1520/E2114-21
Author 1. (2024). Author 1 photo archive.
Bayat, F., & Küçükali, U. F. (2022). Sürdürülebilirlik bağlamında yeşil binaların ulusal ve uluslararası örnekler üzerinden incelenmesi. Anadolu Bil Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 16(64), 321_347. https://izlik.org/JA35AC84HW
Burnett, J. (2007). City buildings – Eco-labels and shades of green! Landscape and Urban Planning, 83(1), 29-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.09.003
Circo, C. J. (2007). Using mandates and incentives to promote sustainable construction and green building projects in the private sector: A call for more state land use policy initiatives. SSRN. https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1066982
ÇEDBİK, G. (2019). B.E.S.T konut sertifika kIlavuzu. Çevre Dostu Yeşil Binalar Derneği. https://www.cedbik.org/dosyapaylasimi/028a434f-059b-4fe3-9f0c-8dde158d1616
Çelik, E. (2009). Yeşil Bina Sertifika Sistemlerinin İncelenmesi Türkiye’de Uygulanabilirliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi [Yüksek Lisans]. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı (ÇŞB). (2020). Yerli yeşil sertifika sistemi YES-TR ile yeşil bina sayısı artacak. https://agri.csb.gov.tr/yerli-yesil-sertifika-sistemi-yes-tr-ile-yesil-bina-sayisi-artacak-haber-253949
Dalsan. (2025). Dalsan. https://dalsan.com.tr/
Dania, A., Larsen, G., & Yao, R. (2013). Mainstreaming sustainable construction: Case studies of an indigenous and multinational firm in Nigeria [Konferans bildirisi]. Engineering Project Organization Conference, Colorado, ABD.
Dong, M., Sampene, A. K., Li, C., & Kyere, F. (2025). Innovative pathways to green building development: Integrating technology, policy, and industry collaboration. Cleaner and Responsible Consumption, 19, 100329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clrc.2025.100329
Dyo. (2025). Dyo. https://dekoratif.dyo.com.tr/
Erdede, S. B., & Bektaş, S. (2018). Türkiye için yeşil bina sertifika sistemi gerekliliği. SET-SCI Conference Proceedings, 3, 138-143. http://www.set-science.com/manage/uploads/ISAS2018-Winter_0039/SETSCI_ISAS2018-Winter_0039_0025.pdf
Guo, K., Li, Q., Zhang, L., & Wu, X. (2021). BIM-based green building evaluation and optimization: A case study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 320, 128824. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128824
Güzelkokar, O., & Gelişen, G. (2019). Mevcut Yapıların Sürdürülebilir Yeşil Binalara Dönüştürülmesi. Ulusal Çevre Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 2(2), 76–90.
Hwang, B.-G., Zhu, L., & Ming, J. T. T. (2017). Factors affecting productivity in green building construction projects: The case of Singapore. Journal of Management in Engineering, 33(3), 04016052. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ME.1943-5479.0000499
İmert, H. (2017). Konaklama mekânlarında ekolojik biçimleniş ve bir tasarım modeli önerisi [Doktora tezi, Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi].
Kats, G. (2003). The costs and financial benefits of green buildings. Massachusetts Technology Collaborative.
Kibert, C. (2007). The next generation of sustainable construction. Building Research and Information, 25(6). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09613210701467040
Kiraz, F. (2015). Toplu konutlarda rüzgâr ve gürültü açısından konforlu açık alan tasarımına yönelik bir yaklaşım [Doktora tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi].
Mateus, R., & Bragança, L. (2011). Sustainability assessment and rating of buildings: Developing the methodology SBToolPT_H. Building and Environment, 46(10), 1962_1971. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.04.023
Mattoni, B., Guattari, C., Evangelisti, L., Bisegna, F., Gori, P., & Asdrubali, F. (2018). Critical review and methodological approach to evaluate the differences among international green building rating tools. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, 950-960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.09.105
Mozingo, L., & Arens, E. (2014). Quantifying the comprehensive greenhouse gas co-benefits of green buildings. eScholarship. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/935461rm
Newsham, G. R., Mancini, S., & Birt, B. J. (2009). Do LEED-certified buildings save energy? Yes, but…. Energy and Buildings, 41(8), 897-905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.03.014
Olubunmi, O. A., Xia, P. B., & Skitmore, M. (2016). Green building incentives: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 59, 1611-1621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.01.028
Portalatin, M., Roskoski, M., Koepke, K., & Shouse, T. (2010). Sustainability “how-to guide” series: Green building rating systems. IFMA Foundation. http://cdn.ifma.org/sfcdn/docs/default-source/default-document-library/green-building-rating-systems.pdf
Ramakrishnan, J., Seshadri, K., Liu, T., Zhang, F., Yu, R., & Gou, Z. (2023). Explainable semi-supervised AI for green performance evaluation of airport buildings. Journal of Building Engineering, 79, 107788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.107788
Ries, R., Bilec, M. M., Gokhan, N. M., & Needy, K. L. (2006). The economic benefits of green buildings: A comprehensive case study. The Engineering Economist, 51(3), 259_295. https://doi.org/10.1080/00137910600865469
Samsung. (2025). Beyaz eşya enerji sınıfları nelerdir? Samsung Türkiye. https://www.samsung.com/tr/explore/brand/what-are-energy-classes/
S-Line Mimarlık. (2022). Mimari projeler.
Solimpeks. (2024). Fotovoltaik güneş paneli çalışmaları-EK 11-12.
Taseer, A., Aslam, M., Malik, M. S. A., Zahoor, H., & Jadoon, A. A. (2025). Energy efficiency and life cycle cost analysis of residential buildings using sustainable building materials. Journal of Building Engineering, 114, 114243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.114243
Toprak Tasarım Mimarlık. (2022). Mimari projeler.
Umaroğulları, F., Kartal, S., & Aydın, D. (2020). A comparative study on Turkey’s national green building certification system under energy policy developments. Iconarp International J. of Architecture and Planning, 8(1), 187-210. https://doi.org/10.15320/ICONARP.2020.110
UNEP. (2022, September 11). 2022 global status report for buildings and construction. United Nations Environment Programme. http://www.unep.org/resources/publication/2022-global-status-report-buildings-and-construction
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2016). Basic information: Green building. https://archive.epa.gov/greenbuilding/web/html/about.html
Wang, Y., Pang, B., Zhang, X., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Shi, C., & Zhou, S. (2020). Life cycle environmental costs of buildings. Energies, 13(6), 1353. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13061353
Wedding, G. C. (2008). Understanding sustainability in real estate: A focus on measuring and communicating success in green building [Master thesis, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]. Carolina Digital Repository. https://doi.org/10.17615/HHCS-FW12
Yağcioğlu, M. H. (2018). An investigation of the water efficiency credits in international green building assessment systems and a roadmap for their implementations in Turkey [Yüksek Lisans, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü]. https://acikbilim.yok.gov.tr/handle/20.500.12812/75509
Yalılı Kılıç, M., & Adalı, S. (2021). Yeşil Bir Villanın Tasarım Maliyetinin Klasik Villa Tasarım Maliyetiyle Karşılaştırılması. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, 9(2), 822_835. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.820515
Yilmazsoy, K. B. (2021). TARİHİ SÜREÇTE SALGIN HASTALIKLAR VE DEĞİŞİM: COVID-19 SONRASI MİMARİ VE KENT. International Journal of Social Humanities Sciences Research (JSHSR), 8(66), 425–440. https://doi.org/10.26450/jshsr.2323
Yudelson, J. (2007). The green building revolution. Island Press.
Zengin, N., & Yamaçlı, R. (2023). Mimari tasarımda değişen iklim ve küresel isınmanın rolü. İnönü Üniversitesi Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi, (27), Article 27. https://doi.org/10.16950/iujad.1225133
Zigenfus, G. C. (2008). Element analysis of the green building process [Master thesis, Rochester Institute of Technology]. RIT Scholar Works. https://repository.rit.edu/theses/507
Downloads
Published
Data Availability Statement
Data will be made available on request
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Merve Bıyıklı Hasözhan, Zübeyde Özlem Parlak Biçer, Nurbanu Şahin

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


