A timeless journey of strength and beauty: The potentials of the use of stone in architecture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47818/DRArch.2023.v4i3100Keywords:
architectural image, stone material, use of stone in architecture, picturesque buildings, timeless spacesAbstract
Use of stone in architecture has been an enduring and timeless tradition throughout history, withstanding the test of time from ancient civilizations to today’s architecture. The durability, versatility and aesthetic appeal of stone make it an exceptional material for creating striking architectural designs. Stone has been used for centuries, as an integral part of architecture since ancient times and its importance still holds true in contemporary architecture being a popular building material today. In this context, this study examines the key features of stone that make it such a vital material for architectural design by exploring the advantages and disadvantages of using stone for architecture. The paper examines the role of stone in architecture and explores how contemporary projects have utilized stone in innovative and creative ways also delves into the significance and beauty of stone architecture, highlighting its history, durability and aesthetic appeal. The research methodology includes the analysis of case studies of contemporary projects crafted from stone, examining the design process, materials and techniques used. The case studies analyzed in this paper demonstrate the versatility of stone in contemporary architecture. The projects showcase how stone can be used in innovative ways, including the creation of sculptural forms, the incorporation of technology and the utilization of sustainable materials. The paper argues that stone's timeless qualities, durability and versatility make it an ideal material for contemporary architecture, particularly in achieving sustainability and aesthetic appeal. The study concludes that the use of stone in architecture remains crucial in creating robust, sustainable and attractive structures that stand the test of time.
Downloads
References
Afar. (n.d.). Cathedrale Notre Dame de Paris. Access Address (05.10.2023): https://www.afar.com/places/cathedrale-notre-dame-de-paris-paris
Agarwal, V., Suruchi, S. & Dogne, N. (2016). Stones – An Architectural Overview, Journal of Ceramics and Concrete Sciences, 1 (1), 1-18. e-ISSN: 2582-1938. India: MAT Journals. Access Address (05.10.2023): https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316923803_Stones-An_Architectural_Overview
Arkitektuel. (n.d.). Casa Mila. Access Address (05.10.2023): https://www.arkitektuel.com/casa-mila/
Al-Saleh, K. (2022, 12, 16). KAFD Grand Mosque: Architectural Masterpiece. Access Address (05.10.2023): https://www.wafyapp.com/en/article/the-kafd-grand-mosque-in-riyadh-an-architectural-masterpiece
Ambler, J. (n.d.). Roma Mimarisi. Access Address (05.10.2023): https://tr.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/roman/x7e914f5b:beginner-guides-to-roman-architecture/a/roman-architecture
Balasubramanian, A. (2017). Properties of Building Stones. Technical Report. India: University of Mysore. 10.13140/RG.2.2.33338.29122
Biçer, A. (2022). The Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Building Stones from the Afyon, İzmir, Muğla and Denizli Region. NATURENGS, 3 (1), 24-32. DOI: 10.46572/naturengs.1096613. Access Address (01.10.2023): https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2345364
Biçer, Ü. & Erdinç, S.Y. (2023a). “Material” as a Leading Tool in Architectural Design. In Ü. T. Arpacıoğlu & S. Akten (Eds.). Architectural Sciences, Sustainable Materials and Built Environment, (374-408). ISBN: 978-625 367 287 4. Ankara: IKSAD Publications. Access Address (10.10.2023): https://iksadyayinevi.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Architectural-Sciences-Sustainable-Materials-and-Built-Environment.pdf
Biçer, Ü. & Erdinç, S.Y. (2023b). Paper to Parametric: Dreams and Imagination in Architecture, Yakın Mimarlık, 7 (2), 284-304. e-ISSN: 2547-8729.
Casa Batllo. (n.d.). La Pedrera, Casa Mila. Access Address (08.10.2023): https://www.casabatllo.es/en/antoni-gaudi/casa-mila-la-pedrera/
Chateau de Versailles (n.d.). The Palace: From the Seat of Power to a Museum of the History of France. Access Address (08.10.2023): https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/estate/palace
Crook, L. (2021, 05, 27). The Dezeen Guide to Stone in Architecture, Interiors and Design. Access Address (08.10.2023): https://www.dezeen.com/2021/05/27/dezeen-stone-guide-architecture-interiors design/
Colosseum. (n.d.). In Encyclopaedia Britannica. Access Address (08.10.2023): https://www.britannica.com/topic/Colosseum
Colloseum. (n.d.). Unsplash. Access Address (08.10.2023): https://unsplash.com/s/photos/colloseum
Dal, M. (2011). Mimarinin En Soylu Yapı Malzemesi Olarak: Doğal Taş, Mimalıkta Malzeme Dergisi, 19 (3), 90-95. ISSN: 1306-6501.
Dal, M. & Tokmak, M. (2020). Durability Properties of Silivri Limestone and Usability in Stone Building Restorations. International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 6 (1), 33-41. 10.29132/ijpas.724073. Access Address (08.10.2023): https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1179583
Dal, M. & Yardımlı, S. (2021). Taş Duvarlarda Yüzey Bozunmaları, Kent Akademisi, 14 (2), 428-451. ISSN: 2146-9229. https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.922313. Access Address (01.10.2023): https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1719390
Eisenman Architects. (n.d.). City of Culture of Galicia. Access Address (08.10.2023): https://eisenmanarchitects.com/City-of-Culture-of-Galicia-2011
Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation. Fallingwater. Access Address (01.10.2023): https://franklloydwright.org/site/fallingwater/
Friends of Notre Dame Paris. (n.d.). West Façade. Access Address (01.10.2023): https://www.friendsofnotredamedeparis.org/cathedral/artifacts/west-facade/
Gibson, E. (2017, 06, 07). Frank Lloyd Wright integrated architecture into Nature at Fallingwater. Access Address (01.10.2023): https://www.dezeen.com/2017/06/07/fallingwater-frank-lloyd-wright pennsylvania-house-usa-150th-birthday/
Girotra, M. (2022, 05, 16). Taj Mahal & It’s Secret Room: What is the Truth?. Access Address (01.10.2023): https://www.herzindagi.com/society-culture/taj-mahal-controversy-22-locked-rooms-secrets-article-199112
Gillan, J. (2020, 08, 27). Petra, Jordan: Gorgeous Rose-Red City and Wonder of the World. Access Address (01.10.2023): https://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-africa/magnificent-ancient-city-petra-jordan-00214
Handicrafts, M. K. (2019, 01, 19). Taj Mahal and Its Marble Inlay Art. Access Address (01.10.2023): https://www.artefactindia.com/Taj-Mahal-and-its-marble-inlay-art
Handwerk, B. (2011). Pyramids at Giza. National Geographic. Access Address (01.10.2023): https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/giza-pyramids
Karakuş, G. (2014). Çağdaş Türk Mimarisinde Doğal Taş. İstanbul: İMİB İstanbul Maden İhracatçıları Birliği. ISBN: 000-000-00-0.
Knowlton School. (n.d.). Casa Mila. Access Address (01.10.2023): https://knowltondl.osu.edu/index.php/Detail/objects/4909
Korkmaz, E. (2023). The Effect of Material Technology. M. Dal & L. Karataş (Eds.). Architectural Sciences and Theory, Practice and New Approaches I, (229-262). ISBN: 978-625-367-072-6. Ankara: IKSAD Publications. Access address (15.09.2023): https://iksadyayinevi.com/wp content/uploads/2023/05/Architectural-Sciences-and-Theory-Practice-and-New-Approaches-I.pdf
Korkmaz, B. & Özcan, U. (2020). Geleneksel Yerleşimler Üzerinden Mimaride Doğal Taş Kullanımı, Natura, Kasım Aralık 2020, 98 104. ISSN: 1308 8319. Access Address (04.10.2023): https://www.naturadergi.com/anasayfa/geleneksel-yerlesimler-uzerinden-mimaride-dogal-tas-kullanimi/
La Pedrera. Casa Mila (La Pedrera): A Total Work of Art. Access address (15.09.2023): https://www.lapedrera.com/en/la-pedrera
Machu Picchu. In IStock by Getty Images. Access address (15.09.2023): https://www.istockphoto.com/tr/foto%C4%9Fraflar/machu-picchu-panoramic
Machu Picchu Gateway (n.d.). Machu Picchu Travel Information. Access address (15.09.2023): https://www.machupicchu.org/machu_picchu_travel_tourist_information.htm
Mairs, J. (2015, 04, 06). Terraced Landscaping Surrounds Concrete and Stone of Emre Arolat’s Sancaklar Mosque. Access address (15.09.2023): https://www.newscientist.com/article/2362300-hidden-corridor-in-egypts-great-pyramid-mapped-with-cosmic-rays/
McGrath, K. (2019). 15 Magnificent Structures Built from Stone. Access Address (01.10.2023): https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/magnificent-structures-built-from-stone
Medieval Chronicles (n.d.). Medieval Cathedral. Access Address (04.10.2023): https://www.medievalchronicles.com/medieval-life/medieval-religion/medieval-cathedral/
Memphis Tours. (n.d.). Petra. https://www.memphistours.com/Jordan/Jordan Travel Guide/Petra Attractions/wiki/Petra
National Geographic (n.d.). Traces of Ancient Rome in the Modern World. Access Address (04.10.2023): https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/traces-ancient-rome-modern-world/
Öktem Erkartal, P. (2022). Materiality as an Architectural Expression: The Case of Odunpazarı Modern Museum. G. M. Abbas, S. Acar, S. Bancı, N. Çağlar, I. Ruhi Sipahioğlu, B. Yılmaz (Eds.). Materiart: Architectural Design, Research and Technology, (625-640). ISBN: 978-989-658-668-3. Portugal: Caleidoscópio Access address (21.10.2023): https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364061579_Materiart_Architectural_Design_Research_and_Technology
Palace de Versailles. (n.d.). In Encyclopaedia Britannica. Access Address (08.10.2023): https://www.britannica.com/topic/Palace-of-Versailles
Palace of Versailles (n.d.). Famous Landmarks – Palace of Versailles. Access Address (08.10.2023): https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/map/Palace_of_Versailles.htm
Parthenon. (n.d.). In Encyclopaedia Britannica. Access Address (08.10.2023): https://www.britannica.com/topic/Parthenon
Pereira, D. & Marker, B. (2016). The Value of Original Natural Stone in the Context of Architectural Heritage, Geosciences, 6 (1), 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences6010013. Access Address (01.10.2023): https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/6/1/13
Pxhere (n.d.). Church Tower of Locronan in France. Access Address (04.10.2023): https://pxhere.com/en/photo/1636838
Roma Kolezyumu. (n.d.). 123RF. Access Address (04.10.2023): https://tr.123rf.com/photo_90451583_roma-kolezyumu-%28coliseum-colosseo%29,-roma-%C4%B0talya.html
Ruins of Walkway at Colloseum. (n.d.). Dreamstime. Access Address (04.10.2023): https://www.dreamstime.com/brick-stone-shape-walkway-path-leading-to-ampitheatre-colosseum-ruins-walkway-colosseum-image117017988
Sagrada Familia. (n.d.). In Encyclopaedia Britannica. Access Address (02.10.2023): https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sagrada-Familia
Sawantt, S. (2021, 08, 17). Stone Architecture with Parametric Methods. Access Address (02.10.2023): https://parametric-architecture.com/stone-architecture-with-parametric-methods-9-iconic-structures/
Sawe, B. E. (2018, 10, 05). Why Was the Parthenon Built?. Access Address (02.10.2023): https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/why-was-the-parthenon-built.html
Spain Official Tourism. (n.d.). The Sagrada Familia, Antonio Gaudi’s Most Important Work in Barcelona. Access Address (02.10.2023): https://www.spain.info/en/discover-spain/sagrada-familia-art-antoni-gaudi-barcelona/
Steen Kalesi (n.d.). 123RF. Access Address (02.10.2023): https://tr.123rf.com/photo_77361271_antwerp-belgium-july-5-2016-steen-castle-the-stone-castle-is-a-big-building-in-antwerp.html
Steves, R. (n.d.). France’s Enduring Gothic Cathedrals. Access Address (06.10.2023): https://www.ricksteves.com/watch-read-listen/read/articles/france-gothic-cathedrals
Stewart, J. (2018, 11, 22). 7 Suprising Facts About the Egyptian Pyramids. Access Address (02.10.2023): https://mymodernmet.com/egyptian-pyramids/
Stokel-Walker, C. (2023, 03, 02). Hidden Corridor in Egypt’s Great Pyramid Mapped with Cosmic Ray. Access Address (02.10.2023): https://www.newscientist.com/article/2362300-hidden-corridor-in-egypts-great-pyramid-mapped-with-cosmic-rays/
Sumerian Period. (n.d.). In Encyclopaedia Britannica. Access Address (02.10.2023): https://www.britannica.com/art/Mesopotamian-art/Sumerian-revival
Swegon Air Academy. (2022, 01, 17). Oslo Opera and Ballet House in Oslo. Access Address (02.10.2023): https://www.swegonairacademy.com/updates-insights/case-studies/oslo-opera-and-ballet-in-norway-target-sollutions-and-challenges/
TRT Haber (n.d.). Yakutiye Medresesi Asırlardır Tarihi Yapısını Koruyor. Access Address (06.10.2023): https://www.trthaber.com/haber/kultur-sanat/yakutiye-medresesi-asirlardir-tarihi-yapisini-koruyor-387113.html
Tour in Peru. (n.d.). The Wonder of Machu Picchu’s Construction Technology. Access Address (02.10.2023): https://www.tourinperu.com/blog/machu-picchu-construction-technology
Unesco World Heritage Convention (n.d.). Taj Mahal. Access Address (06.10.2023): https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/252/
Winkler, E.M (1997). Stone in Architecture: Properties, Durability. Germany: Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN: 3540576266
World in Paris, (n.d.). Inside the Palace of Versailles. (06.10.2023): https://worldinparis.com/inside-the-palace-of-versailles
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Serkan Yaşar Erdinç

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


